The Multi-cropping classification dataset at about 9 km resolution represents a classification in terms of sequential multi-cropping zones under irrigated conditions. CRUTS32 as climate data source is used based on historical data for the time period 1981-2010. The Multi-cropping classification dataset is part of the GAEZ v4 Theme 2 Agro-climatic Resources, Climate classification sub-theme. In the GAEZ crop suitability analysis, the LUTs considered refer to single cropping of sole crops, i.e., each crop is presumed to occupy the land only once a year and in pure stand. Consequently, in areas where the growing periods are sufficiently long to allow more than one crop to be grown in the same year or season, single crop yields of annual crops do not reflect the full potential of total time available each year for rain-fed or irrigated crop production. To assess the multiple cropping potential, a number of multiple cropping zones have been defined through matching both growth cycle and temperature requirements of individual suitable crops with time available for crop growth. For rain-fed conditions this period is approximated by the LGP, i.e., the number of days during which both temperature and moisture conditions permit crop growth. Under irrigation conditions the length of the temperature growing period and annual accumulated temperature sums are decisive. For additional information on agro-climatic resources and indicators, please to Chapter 3 of the GAEZ v4 Model Documentation.

In GAEZ, the procedures proposed by Nelson and Outcalt (1987) are applied to calculate an air frost index (FI) which is used to characterize climate-derived permafrost conditions into four classes: (i) Continuous permafrost (ii) Discontinuous permafrost (iii) Sporadic permafrost (iv) No permafrost Reference permafrost zones are determined based on prevailing daily mean air temperature (Ta). The air frost index (FI) is calculated and used to characterize permafrost areas. For this calculation, accumulated degree-days, above and below 0oC, are used to calculate the thawing index (DDT) and the freezing index (DDF). CRUTS32 as climate data source is used based on historical data for the time period 1981-2010. The Permafrost zones classification dataset is part of the GAEZ v4 Theme 2 Agro-Climatic Resources, Climate Classification sub-theme. For additional information on agro-climatic resources and indicators, please to Chapter 3 of the GAEZ v4 Model Documentation.

The Koeppen-Geiger climate classification is based on a subdivision of terrestrial climates into five major types, which are represented by the capital letters A (tropical), B (dry), C (temperate), D (cold), and E (polar). Each of these climate types, except for B, is defined by temperature criteria. Type B designates climates in which the controlling factor on vegetation is dryness (rather than coldness). Dry climates are divided into arid (BW) and semi-arid (BS) subtypes. Other climate types are sub-divided according to seasonal precipitation characteristics. The level-2 classification distinguishes 14 classes. CRUTS32 as climate data source is used based on historical data for the time period 1981-2010. The Koeppen-Geiger climate classification dataset is part of the GAEZ v4 Theme 2 Agro-climatic Resources, Climate Classification sub-theme. For additional information on agro-climatic resources and indicators, please to Chapter 3 of the GAEZ v4 Model Documentation.

The Multi-cropping classification dataset at about 9 km resolution represents a classification in terms of sequential multi-cropping zones under rain-fed conditions. CRUTS32 as climate data source is used based on historical data for the time period 1981-2010. The Multi-cropping classification dataset is part of the GAEZ v4 Theme 2 Agro-climatic Resources, Climate Classification sub-theme. In the GAEZ crop suitability analysis, the LUTs considered refer to single cropping of sole crops, i.e., each crop is presumed to occupy the land only once a year and in pure stand. Consequently, in areas where the growing periods are sufficiently long to allow more than one crop to be grown in the same year or season, single crop yields of annual crops do not reflect the full potential of total time available each year for rain-fed or irrigated crop production. To assess the multiple cropping potential, a number of multiple cropping zones have been defined through matching both growth cycle and temperature requirements of individual suitable crops with time available for crop growth. For rain-fed conditions this period is approximated by the LGP, i.e., the number of days during which both temperature and moisture conditions permit crop growth. Under irrigation conditions the length of the temperature growing period and annual accumulated temperature sums are decisive. For additional information on agro-climatic resources and indicators, please to Chapter 3 of the GAEZ v4 Model Documentation.

The Thermal climates dataset, at about 9 km resolution, represents major latitudinal climatic zones based on monthly temperatures reduced to sea level. CRUTS32 as climate data source is used based on historical data for the time period 1981-2010. The Thermal climates dataset is part of the GAEZ v4 Theme 2 Agro-climatic Resources, Climate Classification sub-theme. For additional information on agro-climatic resources and indicators, please to Chapter 3 of the GAEZ v4 Model Documentation.

Temperature regimes, solar radiation and available soil moisture determine photosynthesis, which allows plants to accumulate dry matter throughout the plant development stages. Compilation of an AEZ agro-climatic inventory using several climatic variables (e.g. temperature, precipitation, sunshine fraction, relative humidity) gives a general characterization of climatic resources, signifies their suitability for agricultural use and provides data and indicators related to climatic requirements of crop growth, development and yield formation. The inventory includes a variety of agronomically relevant characteristics of prevailing thermal and moisture regimes, and growing periods. GAEZv4 climate data include historical (time-series and 30-year averages covering 1961-2010) and future periods (30-year average of years 2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2070-2099) using recent IPCC AR5 Earth System Model (ESM) outputs for four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs). This theme 2 provides information about (1) Climate Classification, (2) Thermal Regime, (3) Moisture Regime and (4) Growing Period. Results of this theme are presented in a regular raster format of 5 arc-minute (about 9 x 9 km at the equator) grid cells. Climatic conditions are based on a time series of historical data of 1961-2010 and a selection of future climate simulations using recent IPCC AR5 Earth System Model (ESM) outputs for four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs). GAEZ methodology development, data base compilation, production of results and establishing the Data Portal were accomplished in close technical collaboration and with inputs of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA). For further details, please refer to the GAEZ v4 Model Documentation.

Classification by thermal climates and thermal zones dataset at about 9 km resolution at the equator. CRUTS32 as climate data source is used based on historical data for the time period 1981-2010. The Classification by thermal climates and thermal zones dataset is part of the GAEZ v4 Theme 2 Agro-climatic Resources - Climate Classification sub-theme. For additional information on agro-climatic resources and indicators, please to Chapter 3 of the GAEZ v4 Model Documentation.